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___________________________Army in Politics Politics in the Army - Bishnu Pathak, PhD Setting On April 21, 2009, the Cabinet gave Katawal a 24-hour ultimatum to furnish clarification about the new recruitment of 2,884 soldiers, reinstatement of eight retired Brigadier Generals without the consent of the concerned line ministry and the Army’s boycott of the National Games. The clarification now has become a major political issue, where all the political actors are playing various political games with the army to attract it into their fold. There has been extensive coverage of a coup attempt in the media. Several competing modes of thought have developed after the clarification initiative began in Nepal. Anti-Maoist Notion Present Nepal has been divided into civilian supremacy versus military supremacy. There are several schools of thought in the anti-Maoist notion. The Maoist-led government should be ousted as they are trying to uplift the interest of commoners. People centric work means their political carriers would be doomed. The Maoists shall impose an authoritarian regime, controlling the big house media, judiciary, and Nepal Army. The infamous leaders have fears that they shall be punished on charges of corruption if the government is continued. These notions compelled them to get behind the NA and prop it up as a shield. Although a powerful section in the Nepali Congress advocates sacking the CoAS as it disobeyed the government decision. Anti-Army Thesis Classical Group Several semi-feudal, semi-imperial, and semi-colonial forces have had fertile time to advance their vested interest in the pursuance of not dismissing the CoAS. These forces are against inclusive democracy, people’s livelihood, freedom, and free-market economy. Destabilizing the state means grasping the opportunity to continue their extended privileges as in the past. These groups are seeking their own benefits by taking advantage of the internal conflicts in the Maoists party. International Community India understands that if Nepal were out of control, it would eventually affect the security system of India. India tends to minimize the role of Pakistani fundamentalists as a coping strategy for the communist problems in its home territory. Many European communities are trying to take the middle path by saying that the dispute is an internal matter and Nepal is to be a sovereign and independent country with full integrity. Due to the protracted history of the USA being against communist regimes, it wants to crush communist ideology using all available means. Owing to geo-political interest (as Nepal is in between India and China), the USA seeks a greater role in destabilizing Nepal’s regime for its hegemonic encroachment in both the emerging super powers. A tiny minority of nations have an interest in preserving a colonial legacy in Nepal. Such forces are formally and informally supporting militarily supremacy. Civil society There are several divisive thoughts spreading through civil society. Those who are empowered by the donor communities tend to work as spokespersons for them. Those who are seeking power are segregated under the umbrella of political parties. A very few are working independently for the sake of people, nation, democracy, and nationalism. The selfish interest groups are now happy to please their lords by informally supporting or undermining the army. Clarification of the CoAS Answering the government letter concerns of April 20, 2009, the army chief submitted his clarification at the cabinet the following morning. Excerpts have been given below:
- He replied that only the president has the authority to hire and fire according to article 16 of the Army Act 2063 BS.
- He expressed his commitment to conclude the peace process by implementing declarations of the House of Representatives, Peace Accord, and Republic of Nepal.
- On the course of new recruitment, each year hundreds of vacancies of resignation, retirement, etc. are to be fulfilled. The recruitment process was initiated when the NA received a permission letter from the Defense Ministry on May 21, 2008. The NA had informed to the Defense Ministry of the advertisement for new recruitment on October 15, 2009. It was advertised in the Gorkhapatra daily on November 2 and 3, 2008. However, the army headquarters received the letter to stop new recruitment on December 24, 2008. The army informed the line ministry, saying that it was too late to stop the new recruitment on December 31, 2008. Subsequently, the new recruits had already received their job confirmation letter on February 6, 2009. The total of personnel does not exceed 95,753 soldiers which had been submitted to the UN Mission in Nepal (UNMIN). There had been no debate about the recruitment even at the Joint Monitory Coordination Committee (JMCC). The recruitment has been legitimated by the decision of Supreme Court on March 13, 2009. The recruitment was completed following the article 9 (1) and 10 (1) of the Army Act 2063.
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- The NA had been participating at the Fifth National Games along with 8-teams including Nepal Police and Armed Police Force. As another team was introduced against the law, the players themselves did not accept playing in six events.
- The Rayamajhi commission formed to investigate the cases of human rights violations on the course of April movement 2006, found him as one of the army perpetrators against the popular movement II.
- The confrontation of the Maoists and Katawal started when the later left the place where the Prime Minister Prachanda was administering official oath in Singhadurbar early.
- Katawal, while briefing the PM last August, presented six alternatives as possible models of integration of the Maoist PLA with the Nepal Army. He stressed first for them to be sent for foreign employment, second in independent business, third to engage in politics, fourth for recruitment in the army, fifth in the police, and sixth in the Industrial Force. The PM was shocked.
- The relations between the Ministry of Defense and the CoAS worsened, as the latter refused the concerned line ministry’s order to stop new recruitment December 24, 2008.
- On January 7, 2009 Katawal was invited to the concerned ministry to provide his clarification on the issue of recruitment. But the line ministry was not satisfied with the CoAS answer.
- The Defense Minister was humiliated more when he was stopped from inspecting army barracks in Chitwan on the order of the army headquarters.
- Katawal publicly accepted the memorandum letter of the Maoist Victims Association as if a political leader.
- He gave a controversial statement on federation, secular state, and Constitution amendment through referendum while attending a meeting at the National Interest Protection Committee of the Constituent Assembly.
- On March 16, 2009, the CoAS ordered eight retired generals to continue their duties and responsibilities in uniform, challenging the rule of law, army act, and ministerial legitimacy.
- The Supreme Court gave a verdict to reinstate the eight generals the following day while they file a petition on March 24, 2009 but the same court has had a pending case on the age-limit of CoAS Katawal for the last three years. It is clear that the court practices politics no less than the parties.
- On April 12, 2009, the CoAS ordered the army’s players to boycott the National Games when the Maoist PLA participated in it.
- He twice refused to attend the meeting of the Parliamentary Committee on the issue of New Recruitment.
- He tried to arrest 20 working generals who oppose the CoAS authoritarian characters on the pretext that they are obeying the order of the concerned line ministry and the Maoists.
as the human beings in the ancient time were at gradual moment into the path of changes,everyone united together thereby they organized a society keeping in view that as their common wealth .It is because their wills and needs were growing up so that they fell them as a dynamic generation strengthening their access in their way of livelyhood as well as enlarging the periphery of society they reached to build a nation accumulating to those all small political units.Later on alongwith the necessity of timebeings politics became a essential part for their prosperity.Nation acordingly began to step into the mainstream of politics governing to it’s all countrymen.
speaking in general,politics is suppoded to be the leading key of nation by which all people are abide by certain rules and regulations and governed by it’s good practices.Looking it’s historical background western europian and American countries attemted to practice it to reach for complete succession as a result, they are even leading the all universe coming up to this age.
In the context of Nepal of Nepal, politics came in existence strongly from the reign of prithiviNarayan shah since then inumerable fluctuation in politics had have been occured in different age.While the unification campaign was launched by prithivinarayan shah various states were united together resulting as a big nation .It is obivious that politics was modyfied only for unification but not attempts were carriout in the mainstream of politics.No improvements had been made in all round of developments supposing the people as the source of having fruitful achievements of politics.
Likewise the Rana regime also seemed autocratic, discriminative and entirly failure in the eye of Nepalese people ultimately it ended by his own devil nature.After the establishement of democracy in 2007 BS all banned political parties became free to takepart with keen interest in politics. Meanwhile the people and whole nation’s expected revolutionary steps of government in every aspects of people’s living but unluckly king headed government couldn’t bring the remarkable changes in the country .
Major political issues such as constituent essembly ,drafting a new constitution were raised by major political parties but the non alliance among the parties themselves and jealousy perception of king put such issues into the dismissal.All we know 2017BS is known as the democracy kidnapped year by king Mahendra which was favourable for him because the political parties couldn’t do the well excise in bringing the signigicant out put of democracy.Thenafter king mahendra dismissed the democracy and established Panchayet system which was not less then as autocratic as Rana regime .Again after the mass revolution panchayeti rule brought by king mahendra came to an end in 2047Bs and multiparty democracy was restored in the country.Either we blame the monarchy or to other all political parties no one was liable and revolutionarist to the democracy this is because monarchy regarded him ro be the supreme comander of democracy and oplitical parties also didn’t give insight in overall usage for sustaintial democracy.
The conflict growing issues about the power exercise remained peak for political accident during this democracy consuming tenure. secondly, whatever the government was made didn’t effort to resolve the problems relating to the people’s live and corruption became the profession of each rullers of the state by which the potentiality of economic growth stopped forever.Considering this all burning problems CPN(maoist)origined in 2052 falgun,1 and it conducted a people’s armed war and an ideological fighits in support of almost people against of autocratic monarchy as a root cause of democratic obstacle.After a decade long war alongwith raising the political awarness in people against of royel militaries and old state political mechanism maoist party succeded to gain the people’s faith toward it’s political missions of new Nepal by interium government and constituent essembly.
Finally, with people’s mass revolution under the leadership maoist, centuary long monarchy ended for ever as well as old relic of evil regime . When the contituency election had been held,maoist was made largest party and due to this, government is formulated under the priministership of PRACHANDA(moist)including other parties.
Now current politics contains a major challange which is drafting a new constitutoin in envolvement of all republican parties.prior to reach this target some major issues such as military adjustment, political compromise in establishement of union state, ethnic group of people, tarai female empowerment and bringing the backwarded people in mainstream of development viewing this the common concept of all politocal parties over this issues.
However,unless the constitution is made, we can’t ensure to reach to build a new Nepal by whatever the political mission we have only then people can maintain the logical end of age old conflict and permanent peace stabilty by the effort themselves.
It wouldn’t certainly be enough that the new constitution will make a nation as heaven.Every wise citizen should keep in mind that constitution is a document of law by which the nation and it’s citizen are abide and governed accordingly.It will direct,inspires and makes obliged all citizen to walk in the path of development and generating the feelings for successful practice of democracy.In real sence of new Nepal, the elected government should take the step of poverty, optimum use of natural resources, industrialization end of corruption, creating the country.
In addition to this the concept of legal state should be given top priority where the innocent is rewarded and culprit is punished as per the rule of law. if such steps are taken Nepal will definitely be a prosperous and capable country as well for others.
GANESH KR ADHIKARI
AL-AMANA SECURITY COMPANY
RECENTLY WORKING IN MINA ABDULLAH KBR WITH BIRAJ ********************************************* How is This Love ?
It said that, the world is ruled by the God’s grace. What we get and loose all are done by God. But there is a meaning in that, every poor, helpless are praying every day to get up list from poverty. But they get nothing because of their destiny have been written down in their sixth of born day by the God. We can’t change it like a stuff.. Many can’t to digest the above statements. But can’t believe as well. Because Man becoming millionaire and billionaire over a night. It wouldn’t inappropriate, But if every one stayed motionless in trust fate, how to spend our life and survive in this world. Here is those questions and answers.
Forget all now, lets go to talk about ourselves. We are in Kuwait. Let’s think about our past. Every body struggling to find a job. The land on loan with banker. Promises with parents, wife and kids to make more money to come back home soon and to complete their sweet dreams.
When we get to some money in hand than we have requirements like cell phone, after phone desire of a ladies than comfortable bed. In the Eventually occurs beautiful night and ecstatic life.
Poor house maid feels youth tickling, she lures in seductions of her boy friend.
The boy seduces her to spend whole life with her, he shows her a lot of impossible dreams. But poor girl believe all. Than the boy provokes her to run out from her sponsor.
They forget old, parents wife and relatives, Eventually the boy succeed in trapping the girl. Because of they are hurry to complete their youth thirst. But truth is that their plight will be start. She also forget her aim. Their desires never complete. 1st of all she become illegal in Kuwait. If the boy age commission agent than she will be sold in brothel.
If they stay together there will be lack of daily consumption. They can’t complete their promises each other. They chat each other, the lady does flirtation. Their love will be change into seemingly love. The boy exploitation her. They compel to be starve. The lady can’t go anywhere to do clamor. Because of she does not have any evidence. They will be opponent each other. The girl’s ambitions will be ruined. She contravene all promises and cuts terms. In the Eventually she will be quit from boy’s room after that she will be compelled to do prostitution or they both might commit suicide because of their all hope and their future have been vanished. Their love will change IN HELL.
Prem Raj Mahat
Tanahun
Recently in Kuwait
Al-Amana Security Service company
Phone no:+965-66093750 Victim of depression in abroad Gulf which is considered to be the best destination to earn the livelihood especially for the lower educated and unskilled people of Nepal; It is fact in this sense that Nepal is least developed country where the job chances are quite limited and is much oliged to send the people abroad for their financial support. Due to the lack of adequate efficiency in job the problem has been existed that neither the Nepalese people have obtained the beneficial job nor can enable themselves to uplift their conscience as a successful candidate. It has however been noted that even though facing the measurable condition they are becoming a source to supply their familical basic needs as well as the power of nation remittance. Gulf is the place where the people of numerous nationalities, languages, colors and cultures live and work here together. European faces and other developed nationalities seem to be more capable and competitive to grab the job opportunities by which they are holding a supreme position in the employment. As comparing to them Nepalese workers feel inferior to others and are being victimized of serious depressions. On the other hand they are found working in suppressive atmosphere and spending several hours in job which is leading to the extreme mental and physical torture. Their life has become mechanized by working longer to meet the employer’s needs blowing their blood and sweat big enough but unfortunately they are not paid and facilitated exactly as per their labor measurement and agreement prior to join in the company. Likewise the tragedy with family and nation also plays crucial role to fan in depression whenever they feel they are isolate. In fact they look outwardly cheerful but in depth waste the time as the prisoner of jail in beautiful dreams. As far as female employment service concerns they come in different gulf regions as a housemaid illegally breaching the ban to their departure to those places. At the recent days they are severely cheated by their owner up to here that they are spending even the sleepless nights with the maximum pressure of domestic jobs beside this some of the m have already been prostitutionalized due to the poverty and as result they are compelled to live here as same as the hell. Henceforth, the male and female employees themselves should be more attentive to save from these sorts of depressions and misfortunes as far as possible and in addition to this the government of Nepal also should empower them a lot and formulate the effective foreign employment policy, procedures and it’s proper implementation while in act. Writter: Ganesh Kr Adhikari Al Amana Security Co. Kuwait phone – 65549544 ……………………………………………… The second game was played by Nepal and South Africa
KUWAIT CITY, Nov 25: The Kuwait African International Football
Tournament organized by TLC continued their league, playing their 3rd and 4th games on 21st November, 2008 with the teams singing their National Anthems in respect to their country before the match was played.The first game of the day between the Nigerian and the Sri-Lankans was an exciting encounter. Nigeria made some fine moves but thanks to the spectacular Sri – Lankan defense. The first half ended goalless. Playing with a new strategy given by their coach Niyi Oyewusi; Nigeria resumed in the second half and made some tireless efforts which rewarded when their star player Chibuzo Ozurumba made a neat finish into the net taking his team to 1-0. Few minutes later, Solomon’s goal would prove to be all they needed to take the win for Nigeria to 2-0. “Hilton” made brilliant saves for the South African team.
The second game was played by Nepal and South Africa. The Nepalese lads with their ecstatic home crowd support dominated the entire game. They ran the ball up majority on the South African side of the field with most of their efforts to score goals but goalkeeper Hilton with his agility made brilliant saves under the South African bar. The game ended goalless.
Our tournament referee Cruzedio Rodrigues, India; who in good spirits of the game faired well with both sides of the teams for both the games.
The League still continues with the 5th and the 6th game played on Friday 29th, November 2008 with India Vs. Congo playing at 3.00pm and Sierra Leone Vs. Ghana playing at 4.00pm. You are all invited to watch these great games played – Venue, Sharq ground opposite social security building. How to Become Great At Conversational Hypnosis Using Mind Control Techniques By this time you might have read and probably practiced altering state of mind of your listener. Now you should focus on the mind control techniques in order to become a Great Conversational hypnotist. The Four Stage Protocol along with a couple of secret tips will give you the basics for inducing a hypnotic trance.
The first step in 4 stage protocol is to Absorb Attention where in you will absorb the attention of your listener so that you will continue in the area of inducing trance. All you need to know is you should be able to get a person’s attention focused on you to bring them into an altered state of mind.
The second step is Bypass the Critical Factor. Critical factor is the filter of the conscious mind that criticizes and analyzes all the information being sent in from the outside sources. You can’t progress in your life with betterment without bypassing critical factor. Your listener must be able to agree and accept your suggestions on some level so you cannot only seed them in but get a response from those suggestions.
Next, the third stage in mind control techniques, which is to activate an Unconscious Response. This is simply getting any type of unconscious response from the person you are inducing. A change in breathing, blinking and so on helps n leading you to the next stage. Last stage in the 4 stage protocol is to lead the Unconscious Response to a Desired Result. When you recognize the different signals or unconscious responses you must take them and lead them into your desired result.
Now that you know the four stages on this light you can concentrate on how to get someone’s attention. You attract their attention by telling them something interesting, by asking questions etc. You can also simply ask them to direct their attention, but it may seem like a contradiction since in Conversational Hypnosis you are usually trying to learn how to be indirect.
But there are ways to be direct. When you look back to great hypnotists like Milton Erickson and others, you will understand when to be direct. Making a clear concise request without embarrassment or hesitation is an important way to start in getting people’s attention. Second secret is to learn how to move from being direct to indirect. After you have refined your ability to get attention with directness you will learn to move to more indirect ways of still getting the attention you need.
In order to become a Great Conversational Hypnotist you should have the skill and ability to induce trance in another person which you can acquire by practicing the mind control techniques that are discussed above. Kritesh Shiwakoti iLLusion oF liFe Sometimes when I am lost in my own thought then i start to wonder why gave human life.Then when i am to reality,I realize that life is the greatest gift of god to mankind.However,I wonder how many of us really enjoy the life.Are we here only for the sake of living.Iwonder how many of us really like life to the fullest?
How many of us really understand the exact meaning of the happiness?How many of us really know what right and what wrong?And further more who is right and who is wrong?
When one goes through all types of emotions and experiences.time of shedding getting hood building or breaking oneself,hurting other or getting hurt oneself and yet smile,that everlasting smile,the time when the meaning of life is clear and yet not so clear.
It is easy to sat’you dont understand me’but of course it is harder to really understand others.It is easy to find fault in others yet harden to accept one’s own but of course thats life.The spirit of the teenager is easily dismayed by failure.Obviously one feels humiliated when one realizes that one is left with nothing.than failure,instead of sucess which counts more in life.Yes it is hard to accept failure,When one has devaluated everything to achieve that succeeds.But we tend to get disheartened by more failures then we are fully aware about the policy that we should not let own future rule our daily life.
But thats life,Isn’t that?
It is never too late to realize that there is no such thing regarded as ugly.How is it possible fourth Almighty’s creation to be uglt? publish by kritesh–9841922658 If Your First Cigarette Gave You A Buzz And You Now Smoke, A Gene May Be To Blame Anyone who has ever tried smoking probably remembers that first cigarette vividly. For some, it brought a wave of nausea or a nasty coughing fit. For others, those first puffs also came with a rush of pleasure or “buzz.”
Now, a new study links those first experiences with smoking, and the likelihood that a person is currently a smoker, to a particular genetic variation. The finding may help explain the path that leads from that first cigarette to lifelong smoking.
The new finding also adds to growing suspicion surrounding the role of a particular nicotine-receptor gene in smoking-related behaviors and in lung cancer. Other researchers have already linked variations in the same genetic region to smokers’ level of dependence on nicotine, to the number of cigarettes smoked per day and to a far higher risk of lung cancer — the ultimate outcome of a lifetime of smoking.
“If cigarette smoking is sustained, nicotine addiction can occur in a few days to a few months,” .”The finding of a genetic association with pleasurable early smoking experiences may help explain how people get addicted — and, of course, once addicted, many will keep smoking for the rest of their lives.”The genetic variant explains only a portion of human smoking behavior, and that a more complete explanation of why people smoke and why they can’t quit will require much more information about how genes interact with social influences and other environmental factors.
A mechanism for explaining increased disease risk, proposed by one of the cancer genetics researchers, is the possibility that certain chemicals,act on nicotine receptors in the lung to produce cancer-causing changes . Kritesh Shiwakoti
i have read carefully about the present political situation in nepal.what do you think all friends who bring this situation?and why?do we accept what was maoists plan according this papular vedio by our new nepal pm.what they are thinking about nepalies public.what politician are doing in our beautifull nation.it is very sad to write here with this inocent finger.we are abord and we want to see our nation peacefull.we have seen in past 12 year blood all over our country.people dai worsely with out doing mistake.we have to be carefull what the hell this politician are runing the country to through where?why they always accuse other country?dont look other hand if your hand is strong.why parchanda call indian help to solve army trouble inside nepal.then why you are saying to other party that they are motiveted by india or els.anyway we nepalies are tired to read this all bad news.we hope country will be free from trouble and get peacefull nepal.
god bless you all
Nepal’s Peace Process at the Crossroads
• Bishnu Pathak, PhD*
Setting
The fluid political situation of the country culminated in the Government of Nepal ousting the Chief of Army Staff (CoAS), Rookmangud Katawal, and appointed Lt. General Kul Bdr. Khadka as Acting Head of the Nepal Army (NA) at 11.30 Hrs. on May 3, 2009. Alleging the executive power holder government’s decision unconstitutional, president Dr. Ram Baran Yadav directed Katawal to continue his office later that day at 23.00 hrs in the name of national interest (without quoting any article in the interim constitution (IC) or the army act. The president’s decision to override the elected Prime Minister (PM) finally compelled Puspa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda) to resign from the post of Prime Minister at 4.25 hrs the following day on moral ground. He was appointed on August 15, 2008, four months after the CA elections where PM Girija Prasad Koirala was thrown from the government. PM Prachanda worked for 263 days (8.75 months).
Resignation Speech
In his last television address to the nation, Prachanda stated he stepped down aiming to end the dual regime created by the president, which is against the constitution and democracy, and to save the peace process. Excerpts have been given below:
• “Following the great decade-long People’s War and Jana Andolan, the elections to the Constituent Assembly (CA) been held successfully and turned the country into a federal democratic republic, ending the centuries old monarchy.”
• “Various national and international regressive and status quo elements are inserting a conspiracy against the young republic, national independence, rapid socio-economic transformation, and development.”
• “The Maoists achieved the clear majority on the first past the post (FPTP) and became the largest party on the proportional representation (RP) in the CA elections due to its new thought, new leadership for the sake of new Nepal.”
• “The programs and policies and annual budgets are hindered on various pretexts, but vast sums to villages could not be implemented. It was done because the reactionaries and status quoits within and outside the nation attempted to block a popularly elected government from implementing the progressive agendas and make the government fail.”
• “Committing on multi-party competitive democracy, federalism, rule of law, human rights, and press freedom, the Maoists have given the highest priority to logically conclude the peace process, draft a popular constitution on time, to ensuring socio-economic transformation, and to protecting national sovereignty.”
• “The army should remain under the unconditional control of the democratically elected government. The conflict between the elected government and the army not only happened this time but also on Poush 1, 2017 (December 15, 2060) and Marg 19, 2062 (February 1, 2005).”
• “The elected government gave an opportunity to clarify to the CoAS its duties and responsibilities and took action to remove him from office as he disobeyed the policies and plans of the government repeatedly.”
• “The Maoists attempted to seek national consensus with parties both within and outside the government, but political crisis suddenly emerged when the president took a blatant unconstitutional and undemocratic move to continue the term of the CoAS against the decision of the executive power holder elected government.”
• “To raise voice against the move and to take the necessary action, the Maoists urge all democratic and patriotic forces to pressure the president to correct his unconstitutional step and guarantee civilian supremacy over the Army.”
• “The Maoists are committed to maintain amicable diplomatic relation with all neighboring and other friendly countries, but the Maoists absolutely reject any intervention in our internal affairs. There can be no compromise against the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of the country. The Maoists are not ready to bow people’s heads in front of the foreign masters. The Maoists have ended the culture of seeking out foreigners to attain power.”
• “The Maoists do not hesitate to leave the government if they have to compromise on peace process, democracy, civilian supremacy, and national supremacy.”
President’s Move
The same day, the PM reached the president’s office with his team members to tender his resignation. He asked, “Why did you reinstate the CoAS which had been sacked by the elected government?” He further said that the president had a clear option. If he had doubt, he could ask the Court. The president bowed his head down silently in front of the PM. He was ashamed that the he had reinstated CoAS Katwal at mid-night. His close associates state that the president had a feeling that the PM would go against him instead of resigning. The sudden resignation, accepting liberal democracy humiliates the president severely.
Police have arrested dozens of civil society activists: Dr Devendra Raj Pandey, Dr Renu Raj Bhandari, Krishna Pahadi, Khagendra Sangraula, Hem Bahadur Bista, and Shyam Shrestha are among 50 demonstrators arrested on Tuesday morning May 5, 2009 from a sit-in (protest) program in front of the presidential palace of Dr Ram Baran Yadav. They entered into the prohibited zones believing that his move to continue the tenure of the CoAS was against the constitution and democracy.
The CA members of the Maoists have decided not to permit any business of the CA assembly till the President apologizes before the House for his move to reinstate the CoAS. It was decided to protest from May 5, 2009 onwards. Unless the president rectifies his move, the Maoists shall continue theirs, even in the streets. Gradually, the president will find himself surrounded, due to over exercising his ceremonial role guaranteed by the interim constitution.
At the same time as efforts are underway to investigate way out to the constitutional and political embarrassment soon after the resign of the Maoist-led government, the immoderation of the local sister organizations of the Maoists started disorderly actions towards the opposition parties cadres/sympathizers in various parts of the country while the later supported to the move of the president against the provisions of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA).
Back After Decision
The Maoists have done a lot of controversial decisions and many of the major ones were reversed. They are: Sacking of the CoAS, Clarification demands of the CoAS, retirement of the eight generals, appointments at Nepal Academy, establishment of united service centers, direction to stop new recruitment, appointment of the priests at Pashupatinath, attempting to sack the members of the judicial council, appointment of the National Planning Commission, and so forth.
Conclusion
The reinstatement was not the president’s own wish, but it was designed in the interest of foreign forces that believe the Maoists shall impose an authoritarian regime and capture state power. The president seems like a GOTI on a carom board for both national and international forces. Those forces have a deep interest in Nepal due to its geopolitical location, growing trend of communism, and its potential as a shelter of Islamic fundamentalists. Although, the USA wants to see Nepal through the eyes of India, it has a vested interest here to watch India and contain China to stop it from emerging as a superpower.
With the intensification of the political crises, the political stalwart, Girija Prasad Koirala, of the NC has now shown interest in the presidency again. One section of the NC has already initiated this move and is consulting with the Maoists for their acceptance. Such a force wants the government lead by Prachanda again. The force believes that the Supreme Court shall defeat the president’s move, and he shall resign from his post on moral grounds, similar to how Prachanda did.
One powerful hidden force directs all their efforts toward reviving the concept of the ‘baby king’ which had been promoted by the then PM Girija a few years back. This group played a pivotal role in nudging the president to go against the elected government’s move recently. If Girija again came to power, either under the title of president or PM, the issue of baby king may for a second time be raised, as a large section of the neighboring leaders encourage for this initiative. Huge sections of the commoners have a clear understanding that, if the UML or NC lead the government, foreign agendas shall crush the demands, interests, and voices of Nepalis more profoundly than in their past governments.
Even before coming to power, there had been extreme suspicions that the Maoists would attempt to go towards an authoritarian regime and crush liberal democracy. Despite different domestic and foreign forces’ anti-Maoists sentiments, Prachanda resigned on moral ground. None of the governments in the past had easily abdicated state power in Nepal. For instance, PM Koirala time and again stated that he would instantly resign from his premiership once the final results of CA became public. However he did not resign, assuming that once the Maoists captured the state power, they will impose authoritarian regime against the norms, values, and democratic practices. He was compelled to do so, but only four month later after domestic and international forces heavily pressured him.
Over the resignation on May 5, 2009, the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said, “It is saddened by developments leading to this resignation”. He urged to encourage the Maoist party’s assurances of its commitment to the peace process, including continued participation in the drafting of the constitution.
Sacking the CoAS directly by the government was unconstitutional. Again, the mid-night move of the president was seriously unconstitutional. The government shall recommend to the president and president shall hire and fire the CoAS on their recommendation only. Denying the cabinet’s decision, Nepal’s president launched the presidential or constitutional coup similar to the same practice in Pakistan.
For this reason, the PM’s resignation has already been accepted, but on May 5 the Supreme Court issued a show-cause notice to the president requiring him to furnish written explanations within 10 days. Nepali people do not have trust in the court due to the strong nexus of money, muscle, mafia and politics. The Supreme Court has issued two controversial verdicts in the past. The full bench, headed by the chief justice had accepted the dissolution of HOUSE recommended by the then PM Koirala of NC first, but refused to do it later for Manmohan Adhikari, the first communist PM of Nepal. It is likely to repeat this again, quoting the preamble of the Interim Constitution of 2007 (see box).
Besides the domestic semi-feudal, semi-imperial, and semi-colonial forces, the strong international political intervention in Nepal is not a new phenomenon. In a six-decade history, Nepal refused the advice of foreign forces only twice – the first proclamation of the then king Gyanendra on April 22, 2006 during Janaadolan II (popular movement) and on May 3, 2009 by the Maoists. Nepal was never a colonial state, but is far from sovereign and independent.
(*It is my privilege to pay special thanks to Mr. Neil Horning who has contributed to editing this article. I also express sincere thanks to Professor Ananda Aditya, Mr. Surendra Uprety (PhD Scholar), Mr. Devendra Uprety, Mr. Sugam KC (PhD scholar), Ms. Rita Chaudhary, Mr. Ganga Puri and Ms. Meena Siwakoti who assisted in this exercise).
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